Thaum nws los txog rau kev ua haujlwm crane, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias txoj cai crane raug xaiv rau txoj haujlwm. Cov haujlwm sib txawv xav tau ntau theem ntawm lub zog thiab kev ua haujlwm. Qhov no yog qhov kev faib ua haujlwm crane tuaj rau hauv kev ua si. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb xyuas lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev faib cov dej num crane thiab seb nws raug cais los ntawm cov koom haum sib txawv xws li CMAA, Tuam Tshoj, thiab FEM.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm Crane Duty Classification
Kev faib cov dej num ntawm crane yog hais txog kev faib cov cranes raws li qhov siv thiab siv ntau zaus. Nws pab txiav txim siab hom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm crane xav tau rau ib txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Lub luag haujlwm kev faib tawm tsis yog nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub peev xwm nqa, tab sis ntawm lub crane load thiab load zaus hloov thiab hloov pauv ntawm qhov kev tsis txaus siab ntawm qhov project. Kev faib tawm yuav siv rau hauv tus account yam xws li lub peev xwm thauj khoom, tus naj npawb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ib teev, thiab lub sijhawm tag nrho ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Crane Duty Classification Ntawm CMAA
Lub koom haum Crane Manufacturers ntawm America (CMAA) tau tsim cov txheej txheem kev faib tawm dav siv hauv North America. Nws categorizes cranes rau hauv chav kawm, xws li Class A mus rau Class F. Txhua chav kawm sawv cev rau qib sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm, nrog rau Class A yog lub luag haujlwm hnyav tshaj plaws thiab Class F yog lub luag haujlwm hnyav tshaj plaws.
Chav Kawm A: Standby lossis Tsis Muaj Kev Pabcuam
Cov chav kawm pabcuam no suav nrog cov cranes uas yuav siv tau rau hauv kev teeb tsa xws li lub zog hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv pej xeem, chav turbine, chav tsav tsheb thiab cov chaw hloov pauv uas cov cuab yeej siv tau yooj yim tuav ntawm qeeb nrawm nrog lub sijhawm ntev, tsis ua haujlwm ntawm kev nqa khoom.
Chav Kawm B: Lub Teeb Kev Pabcuam
Cov chav kawm ntawm crane no yog siv nyob rau hauv cov khw kho, lub teeb sib dhos ua haujlwm, cov tsev pabcuam, lub teeb warehousing, thiab lwm yam. Cov kev pabcuam yuav tsum yog lub teeb thiab kev ua haujlwm qeeb. Loads sib txawv ntawm tsis muaj mus rau qee lub sij hawm muaj peev xwm. Lifts ib teev yuav muaj li ntawm 2 mus rau 5, thiab nruab nrab 10 ko taw ib lub nqa.
Chav Kawm C: Kev Pabcuam Nruab Nrab
Hais txog tus lej, feem ntau cranes tau tsim kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm Class C. Qhov kev pabcuam no suav nrog cov cranes uas yuav siv tau rau hauv cov khw muag khoom lossis chav tshuab tshuab ntawv. Hauv hom kev pabcuam no, lub crane yuav tuav cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm 50% ntawm lub peev xwm ntsuas nrog 5 mus rau 10 nqa ib xuab moos nruab nrab ntawm 15 ko taw. Tsis pub dhau 50% ntawm cov loads ntawm rated peev.
Chav Kawm D: Kev Pabcuam hnyav
Qhov kev pabcuam no suav nrog cov cranes uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov khw muag khoom hnyav, cov chaw tsim khoom, cov chaw tsim khoom, cov tsev khaws khoom steel, cov thawv me me, cov ntoo mills, thiab lwm yam. Hauv hom kev pabcuam no, cov khoom thauj mus txog 50 feem pua ntawm cov peev txheej ntsuas yuav raug ua haujlwm tas li thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Kev kub ceev yog qhov tsim nyog rau hom kev pabcuam no nrog 10 mus rau 20 nqa ib teev nruab nrab ntawm 15 ko taw, tsis tshaj 65 feem pua ntawm cov nqa ntawm lub peev xwm ntsuas.
Chav Kawm E: Kev Pabcuam hnyav
Hom kev pabcuam no yuav tsum muaj lub crane muaj peev xwm tuav cov khoom thauj mus txog qhov muaj peev xwm ntsuas thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej. Cov ntawv thov yuav suav nrog cov hlau nplaum, thoob, hlau nplaum / thoob ua ke cranes rau cov khoom seem, cov cement mills, lumber mills, chiv cog, ntim tuav, thiab lwm yam nrog 20 lossis ntau dua nqa ib teev ntawm lossis ze ntawm lub peev xwm ntsuas.
Chav F: Kev Pabcuam hnyav tas mus li
Hom kev pabcuam no yuav tsum muaj lub crane muaj peev xwm tuav cov khoom thauj mus txog qhov muaj peev xwm tsis tu ncua raws li kev pabcuam hnyav thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej. Cov ntawv thov tuaj yeem suav nrog kev tsim tshwj xeeb cranes.
Crane Duty Classification Ntawm Tuam Tshoj
Raws li kev siv lub crane theem thiab lub xeev load, lub crane lub luag hauj lwm faib ntawm tag nrho cov tshuab muab faib ua A1 ~ A8 tag nrho ntawm 8 theem:
- A1 ~ A4: Kev pab cuam lub teeb
- A5 ~ A6: Kev pabcuam nruab nrab
- A7: Kev pabcuam hnyav
- A8: Kev pabcuam hnyav
Crane siv theem yog tag nrho cov kev ua haujlwm cranes tau muab faib ua 10 qib, nrog U0, U1, U2 ……U9 hais tias:
Crane load spectrum coefficient Kp tau muab faib ua plaub yam ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, txhua tus sawv cev rau lub xeev load ntawm crane:
Pi: Mass ntawm i-th nqa qhov hnyav Pmax: Rated lifting muaj peev xwm ni: Tus naj npawb ntawm lub sij hawm lub load Pi yog siv N: Tag nrho cov sij hawm ua hauj lwm
Kev faib ua feem ntawm cov cranes feem ntau siv
1.Duty Classification Of Overhead Crane:
2.Duty Classification Ntawm Gantry Crane:
Crane Duty Classification Ntawm FEM
European Federation of Materials Handling (FEM) muaj nws tus kheej cov txheej txheem ntawm crane lub luag haujlwm kev faib tawm dav dav hauv Tebchaws Europe. Zoo ib yam li lwm cov tshuab, FEM cranes raug cais raws li cov xwm txheej xws li tus lej ntawm lub voj voog thauj khoom, thauj khoom spectrum, thiab kev pabcuam lub neej.
- 1Cm - Standby lossis siv tsis tu ncua
- 1Bm - Kev pabcuam teeb
- 1 teev sawv ntxov - Lub teeb rau nruab nrab kev pabcuam
- 2m - Qhov nruab nrab mus rau qhov hnyav
- 3m - Kev pabcuam hnyav
- 4m / 5m - Kev pabcuam hnyav
Sib piv ntawm Crane Class
Thaum lub crane lub luag hauj lwm kev faib tawm txawv nyob rau hauv terminology thiab cov txheej txheem, cov tshuab ua hauj lwm tib lub hom phiaj. Hauv qab no yog cov lus sib piv ntawm crane lub luag haujlwm kev faib tawm raws li cov qauv sib txawv.
Crane los ntawm kev nqa thiab txav load (hais txog lub crane load thiab nqa cov khoom hnyav) hauv nws qhov ntsuas nqa lub peev xwm nyob rau hauv qhov hnyav kom ua tiav cov khoom siv, tab sis nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv, kev siv cranes thiab lawv cov dej num sib txawv heev, uas yog, nws lub neej expectancy, kev ua hauj lwm yuav tsum, nqa loads, loads, tag nrho cov sij hawm ua hauj lwm nrog rau tag nrho cov kev sib txawv ntawm lub sij hawm thiab kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub sij hawm yuav muaj ntau yam sib txawv. kev txiav txim rau kev lag luam thiab rationally xaiv thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ntseeg tau siv cranes, nws yuav tsum yog crane lub luag hauj lwm ntawm kev faib. Kev nkag siab txog cov kev faib tawm sib txawv uas muab los ntawm cov koom haum pab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Yog li, txawm tias koj tab tom tuav cov haujlwm saib xyuas lub teeb lossis hnyav- kev ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam, xaiv cov chav crane tsim nyog yuav ua rau muaj kev vam meej thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm koj qhov project.
